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Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Jos, Nigeria
Francis Ajang Magaji1, Mark Ojogba Okolo2, Z Hassan3, Iornum H Shambe1, Victor Chung Pam1, Amaka Ngozi Ocheke1, Esther S Yiltok4, Williams Golit5, Stephen Ajen Anzaku6, Martins Daloek7, Jerry Ogwuche7, Godwin E Imade8, Christain Isichie9, Jsiah T Mutihir1, Stephen Oguche4, Oche Agbaji10, Jonah Musa1, Solomon Ateine Sagay1, AI Zoakah3, Susan E Cohn11
1 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
2 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
3 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Department of Community Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
4 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
5 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Plateau State Specialist Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
6 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
7 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Our Lady of Apostles Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
8 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
9 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Maternal and Child Health Unit, Faith Alive Foundation Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
10 Jos University Teaching Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
11 Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Francis Ajang Magaji
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_20_19
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Objectives: The study sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B surface antigenemia (HBsAg) positivity among pregnant women in Jos, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among the pregnant population in five healthcare facilities in Jos, between November 1, 2017 and April 30, 2018. Informed consent was obtained, and data on sociodemographic and risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were collected. Hepatitis B viral infection was assessed using the in vitro HBsAg diagnostic rapid kit (Acon Laboratories, USA). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed to identify predictors of HBV infection in the study population. All statistical analyses were carried out on STATA version 15. Results: Of the 3,238 women enrolled, 7.4% (241/3238) (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.6% to 8.4%) were HBsAg positive. The absence of HBV vaccination (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.49–4.09; P < 0.001), co-infection with HIV (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.18–3.08; P = 0.009), and higher parity (AOR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.04–1.79; P = 0.024) were independently associated with HBV infection in pregnancy. Conclusions: The prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women was high, especially among those without prior vaccination for HBV, those with HIV co-infection and higher parity.
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